RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of reported cases of child labor in general and to compare official reported child labor data with data on sexual exploitation and occupational accidents involving children and adolescents between 2017 and 2021. METHODS: Descriptive study based on data from the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System about child labor, work accidents and sexual exploitation of children and adolescents aged between 5 and 17 years. Annual disease notification rates were calculated and grouped by mesoregions of the state of Amazonas. RESULTS: From 2017 to 2021, there were 312 reports of situations of child labor, being 46.8% involving children and 53.2% involving adolescents. Of these notifications, 20 corresponded to child labor itself, 141 to child and adolescent sexual exploitation, and 151 to work-related accidents involving children and adolescents. The South and Center regions were the ones that most underreported child sexual exploitation as child labor. The Southwest and South mesoregions, on the other hand, were the ones that most underreported work accidents involving children and adolescents as child labor. CONCLUSION: Child labor in Amazonas basically stems from sexual exploitation and, even though it is underreported, it is frequent, although uneven between regions. Confronting the problem in the state necessarily involves improving the information system in order to acknowledge the actual dimension of the problem and then define intervention measures and logistics.
Asunto(s)
Trabajo Infantil , Niño , Humanos , Adolescente , Preescolar , Brasil/epidemiología , Proyectos de InvestigaciónRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the characteristics of reported cases of child labor in general and to compare official reported child labor data with data on sexual exploitation and occupational accidents involving children and adolescents between 2017 and 2021. Methods: Descriptive study based on data from the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System about child labor, work accidents and sexual exploitation of children and adolescents aged between 5 and 17 years. Annual disease notification rates were calculated and grouped by mesoregions of the state of Amazonas. Results: From 2017 to 2021, there were 312 reports of situations of child labor, being 46.8% involving children and 53.2% involving adolescents. Of these notifications, 20 corresponded to child labor itself, 141 to child and adolescent sexual exploitation, and 151 to work-related accidents involving children and adolescents. The South and Center regions were the ones that most underreported child sexual exploitation as child labor. The Southwest and South mesoregions, on the other hand, were the ones that most underreported work accidents involving children and adolescents as child labor. Conclusion: Child labor in Amazonas basically stems from sexual exploitation and, even though it is underreported, it is frequent, although uneven between regions. Confronting the problem in the state necessarily involves improving the information system in order to acknowledge the actual dimension of the problem and then define intervention measures and logistics.
RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever as características dos casos notificados de trabalho infantil em geral e comparar dados oficiais notificados de trabalho infantil com dados de exploração sexual e acidentes de trabalho envolvendo crianças e adolescentes entre 2017 e 2021. Métodos: Estudo descritivo com base nos dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação sobre trabalho infantil, acidente de trabalho e exploração sexual de crianças e adolescentes com idades entre 5 e 17 anos. Foram calculadas taxas de notificação anuais dos agravos e agregadas por mesorregião do estado do Amazonas. Resultados: No período de 2017 a 2021, houve 312 notificações de situações envolvendo trabalho infantil, sendo 46,8% com crianças e 53,2% com adolescentes. Dessas notificações, 20 correspondiam ao trabalho infantil propriamente dito, 141 de exploração sexual infantojuvenil e 151 casos de acidente de trabalho envolvendo crianças e adolescentes. As mesorregiões sul e centro foram as que mais subnotificaram exploração sexual infantojuvenil como trabalho infantil. Já as mesorregiões sudoeste e sul foram as que mais sub-registraram acidentes de trabalho envolvendo crianças e adolescentes como trabalho infantil. Conclusão: O trabalho infantil no Amazonas decorre basicamente de exploração sexual e, mesmo subnotificado, é de ocorrência frequente, porém desigual entre as regiões. O enfrentamento do agravo no estado passa, obrigatoriamente, pelo aperfeiçoamento do sistema de informação a fim conhecer a real dimensão do problema para, então, definir medidas e logística de intervenção.
